THE ALMY LIBRARY

Shortening Footnotes

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Each footnote in this Style Guide includes an example of the shortened footnote. This is a shortcut and provides the general rule for shortening footnotes. 

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The first footnote should give the full information about the source. However, subsequent notes can be shortened. Shortened notes typically include: the author's last name, followed by a comma; the main title of the work, shortened to up to four words (properly formatted in quotations marks or italics); the page number, followed by a period.

 

Example:

     1 Michelle Stacy, The Fasting Girl: A True Victorian Medical Mystery (New York:
Tarcher/Putnam, 2002), 18.
     2 Stacy, The Fasting Girl, 18.

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Using Ibid.

The CMOS discourages the use of Ibid. in favor of shortened citations (see above). Ibid. may be used with the permission of your teacher. If your teacher allows for the use of Ibid., please use the directions below. 

 

If two notes for the same source follow one right after the other, you may use the abbreviation "Ibid." Latin for "in the same place," Ibid. should be written with a period, a comma, and the page number followed by a period. If the note refers to the same source and page number, no page number is necessary. In the following three footnotes, the first is a full note, the second is a note referring to the same source, different page number, and the third refers to the same source, same page number.

 

Example:

     1 Nicole Mones, The Last Chinese Chef  (Boston: Houghton, 2007), 89.
     2 Ibid., 90.
     3 Ibid.

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